[BMW]

I looked through my code and data, and I'm drawing a blank on ra as well. Typically "a" at the end of means "allowed" (ha = hits allowed, hra = home runs allowed).

I can see data in there, but I'm not connecting with what it could be.

As for ERA not calculating, ER*9/IP won't do it. There is an additional field called IPF which is "IP fractions". If a pitcher has 120 and 2/3 innings, he'll have 120 in IP and 2 in IPF. In my code, I always pre-calculate an ip_actual (120.666666) and an ip_visual (120.2) to quickly retrieve what I want.

Edit: Whoops, didn't notice that the OP was calculating their own field IP from Outs, and not referring to the IP field in the data.